CHAPTER XIV
PHOTOGRAPHIC AND X-RAY FILMS
Section 1401
Storage and Handling
(a) Storage rooms of unexposed photographic and X-ray films shall be
provided with automatic fire extinguishing systems in the following cases:
(1) When unexposed films in generally accepted safety shipping containers
exceed the aggregate 14.00 cubic meters.
(2) Where shelving used for storage of individual packages not in said
shipping containers exceed 1.40 cubic meters in capacity; and
(3) Storage is not in generally accepted safety shipping containers in any
section exceeding 14.00 cubic meters.
(b) Film negatives in storage or in process of handling shall be kept in
heavy manila envelopes, not exceeding 12 films to an envelope. Expanding
envelopes shall not be used.
(c) Film negatives shall be kept in properly insulated vented cabinets,
vented storage vaults or outside storage houses. Not more than 110 kilograms
shall be stored in any single cabinet. Where the film stored exceeds 450
kilograms, it shall be in vented storage vault or in a detached structure or
roof vault. Door openings in vault shall be of four-hour fire-resistive
construction and shall be kept closed except when in use.
(d) Only incandescent electric light shall be permitted: protected with
substantial wire guards or vapor roof globes or both. Portable lights on
extension cords are prohibited. Conspicuous “NO SMOKING” signs shall be posted.
(e) No films shall be stored within 600 millimeters of steam pipes,
chimneys, or other sources of heat.
(f) There shall be first aid provisions of types using water or water
solutions. Discarded films shall be stored and handled in the same manner as
other films until removed from the premises.
Section 1402
Classes of Film Exempted
(a) The provisions of this Section do not apply to the following: film for
amateur photographic use in original packages or “roll” and “film pack” films
in quantities of less than 1.40 cubic meters; safety film; dental X-ray film;
establishments manufacturing photographic films and their storage incidental
thereto and films stored or being used in standard motion picture booths.
(b) Safety photographic X-ray film may be identified by the marking on the
edge of the film.
Section 1403
Fire Extinguishing System
Unless
otherwise provided in this Code, all fire extinguishing system when so required
shall be of a type, specifications, and methods of installation as prescribed
in accordance with the requirements of the Secretary.
CHAPTER XV
PRE-FABRICATED CONSTRUCTION
Section 1501
Prefabricated Assembly
(a) Prefabricated assembly is a structural unit, the integral parts of
which have built up or assembled prior to incorporation in the building.
(b) The Secretary shall prescribe special tests to determine the structural
adequacy, durability, soundness, weather and fire resistance of the
prefabricated assemblies.
(c) Every device or system to connect prefabricated assemblies shall be
capable of developing the strength of the different members as an integral
structure, Except, in the case of members forming part of a structural frame as
specified in this Code. Anchorages and connections between members and the
supporting elements of the structure or walls shall be capable of withstanding
all probable external and internal forces or other conditions for structurally
adequate construction. In structural design, proper allowances shall be made
for any material to be displaced or removed for the installation of pipes,
conduits, or other equipment.
(d) Placement of prefabricated assemblies shall be inspected to determine
compliance with this Code.
CHAPTER XVI
PLASTICS
Section 1601
Approved Plastics
Approved
plastic materials shall be those which have a flame-spread rating of 225 or
less and a smoke density not greater than that obtained from the burning of
untreated wood under similar conditions when tested in accordance with
generally accepted engineering practices. The products of combustion shall be
no more toxic than the burning of untreated wood under similar conditions.
Section 1602
Installation
(a) Structural Requirements. All plastic materials shall be of adequate
strength and durability to withstand the prescribed design loads. Sufficient
and substantial technical data shall be submitted to establish stresses,
maximum unsupported spans, and such other information as may be deemed necessary
for the various thicknesses and forms used.
(b) Fastenings. Fastenings shall be adequate to withstand design loads and internal
and external stresses required of the assembly. Proper allowances of plastic
materials in conjunction with other materials with which it is assembled or
integrated shall be provided.
Section 1603
Glazing of Openings
(a) Doors, sashes and framed openings in exterior walls of all buildings
except Types IV and V Constructions may be glazed or equipped with approved
plastics: Provided, that:
(1) The wall in which such glazing is installed is so located that openings
are not required to be fire-protected.
(2) Except for Type I Construction, the location size, and spacing of such
glazed openings do not exceed the values set forth by the Secretary.
(3) Plastic used in glazed openings for Type II Construction shall be
materials appropriate for use according to flame-spread characteristics and the
location, size, and spacing of the openings do not exceed the values set forth
by the Secretary.
Section 1604
Skylights
(a) General
Approved plastics may be used in skylights installed
on roofs of Types I, II, or III constructions and all buildings in these
categories shall be equipped with an approved automatic fire-extinguishing
system in Groups A, B, C, E, F, J, H-3 and H-4 Occupancies: Except, that:
(1) Approved plastics may be used in any type of construction or occupancy
as a fire venting system when approved by the Building Official.
(2) Plastic may be used in approved skylights in Type II one-hour
fire-resistive construction which are located 300 millimeters or more above the
lower place of the ceiling. The walls of the skylight well shall be no less
fire-resistive than the adjacent ceiling.
(3) Where fire-resistive ceiling is not required in one-storey buildings,
approved plastics may be used in skylights.
(b) Installation Requirements
(1) Except in Group A Occupancies, no skylight shall be installed within
3.00 meters of a property line.
(2) The edges of dome-type skylights shall be properly flashed.
(3) Plastic skylights shall be separated from each other by at least 2.50
meters laterally and 3.00 meters along the slope of the roof.
(c) Allowable areas
The area of individual plastic skylights shall not
exceed 10.00 square meters. The total aggregate area of plastics used in
skylights, monitors, and sawtooth glazing shall not exceed twenty percent of
the floor area of the room or occupancy sheltered.
(d) Curb Requirements
Plastic skylights in roofs having a slope of less
than 1 in 3 shall have a 100 millimeters high curb. The curb may be omitted
where a wire screen not smaller than No. 12 U.S. gauge with a mesh not larger
than 25 millimeters is provided immediately below the skylight. The screen
shall be substantially mounted below the skylight.
Section 1605
Light-Transmitting Panels in
Monitors and Sawtooth Roofs
(a) General. Where a fire-resistive rating is not required for the roof structure,
and in all buildings provided with an approved automatic fire-extinguishing
system, approved plastics may be used with or without such as the
light-transmitting medium in monitors and sawtooth: Except, that plastics used
in monitors or sawtooth roofs of Type II Construction shall be of materials
appropriate to be used according to flame-spread characteristics.
(b) Allowable Area. The area of individual plastic glazing used in monitors and sawtooth
glazing shall not exceed 15.00 square meters. The total aggregate area of
plastics used in skylights, monitors, and sawtooth glazing shall not exceed
twenty percent of the floor area of the room or occupancy sheltered.
(c) Area Separation. The area of such plastic panels shall be separated from each other by
a section of incombustible material or by a section of the roofing material of
the structure not less than 1.50 meters in length. The lower edge of the
plastic material shall be at least 150 millimeters above the surface of the
adjoining roof surface.
Section 1606
Plastic Light Diffusers in
Ceilings
(a) General. Ceiling light diffusers having an area greater than ten percent of
any 10.00 square meters of room area shall be of approved plastics conforming
to the requirements specified in this Code.
(b) Installation. Plastic light diffusers shall be installed in such a manner that they
will not readily become detached when subjected to room temperature of 80ºC for
15 minutes, Excepts, for the plastic light diffusers which are installed in the
first floor area of Group C Occupancies having egress directly to the exterior
of the building; and plastic light diffusers which are located between an approved
automatic fire-extinguishing system and the area to be protected other than
public corridors for Group A, B, C, D, E, G, H and I Occupancies if tests
required by the Secretary have established that such installation will not
interfere with the efficient operation of such automatic fire-extinguishing
systems.
Section 1607
Partitions
Where
partitions are not required to be of fire-resistive or incombustible
construction, approved plastics conforming to the requirements specified in
this Code may be used.
Section 1608
Exterior Veneer
(a) General
Exterior veneer may be of approved plastic
materials, and shall conform to the provisions of this Section.
(b) Height
Plastic veneer shall not be attached to any exterior
wall above the first storey: Provided, that plastic veneer may be attached to
exterior walls above the first storey of buildings located outside of highly
restrictive Fire Zones: Provided, further that the height of the veneer is not
in excess of 10.00 meters above the adjacent of elevation.
(c) Area
Sections of plastic veneer shall not exceed 15.00
square meters in area, Except, that in less restrictive Fire Zones, the area
may be increased by fifty percent.
(d) Separation
Sections of plastic veneer shall be separated by a
minimum of 1.20 meters vertically and 600 millimeters horizontally.
Section 1609
Awnings and Canopies
(a) Plastic materials appropriate for use according to Flame Spread
characteristics may be utilized in awnings and canopies, provided such awnings
and canopies are constructed in accordance with provisions governing
projections and appendages as specified in this Code.
(b) Approved plastics may be used in awnings where untreated canvass is
permitted.
(c) Approved plastics may be used in lieu of plain glass in green-houses in
less restrictive Fire Zones.
CHAPTER XVII
SHEET METAL PAINT SPRAY BOOTHS
Section 1701
Sheet Metal Paint Spray
Booths
(a) General
Paint spray booths shall be constructed of steel of
not less than No. 18 U.S. gauge in thickness and shall be designed in
accordance with this Code.
(b) Area
The area of a paint spray booth shall not exceed 150
square meters not ten percent of the basic area permitted for the major of the
building according to its Occupancy Group.
(c) Floor Construction
The floor shall be constructed of incombustible
material.
(d) Interior Surface
Paint spray booths shall be designed to permit the
free passage of the exhaust air from all parts of the interior and all interior
surface shall be smooth and continuous without outstanding edges.
Section 1702
Fire Protection
Every
spray booth having an open front elevation larger than 1.00 square meter and
which is not equipped with doors, shall have a fire curtain or metal deflector
not less than 100 millimeters deep installed at the upper outer edge of the booth
opening.
Section 1703
Light
Paint
spray booths shall be illuminated through hammered wire or heat-treated glass
panels. The glass panels shall be located in such a manner as to reduce the
hazard of ignition caused by paint spray deposit.
Section 1704
Ventilation
(a) General
Mechanical ventilation shall be provided direct to
the exterior of the building. The mechanical exhaust system shall be designed
to move the air through any portion of the paint spray area at the rate of not
less than 30.00 lineal meters per minute. The blades of exhaust fans shall be
constructed of non-ferrous material and shall be mounted in such a manner as to
prevent contact with the exhaust duct. The motor shall not be mounted in the
spray booth or the duct system and belts shall be enclosed where they enter the
booth or duct system.
(b) Exhaust Ducts
Exhaust ducts shall be constructed of steel having a
thickness not less than the values set by the Secretary. The discharge point
for ducts in a paint spray booth shall be not less than 2.00 meters from the
adjoining combustible construction nor less than 8.00 meters from adjoining
exterior wall openings: Except, that the discharge point for exhaust ducts is
not regulated in a waterwash spray booth.
CHAPTER XVIII
GLASS AND GLAZING
Section 1801
General Requirements
(a) This Chapter shall apply to exterior glass and glazing in all
Occupancies except Groups A, B, and J Occupancies not over three storeys in
height, and to interior and exterior glass and glazing in all occupancies
subject to human impact as specified in this Code.
(b) Standards for materials shall conform to the provisions set by the
Secretary on glass dimensional tolerances, breaking stress levels, and design
safety factors.
(c) Each light shall bear the manufacturer’s label designating the type and
thickness of glass. Each light with special performance characteristics such as
laminated, heat strengthened fully tempered or insulated, shall bear the
manufacturer’s identification showing the special characteristics and thickness
by etching or other permanent identification that shall be visible after the
glass is glazed.
Section 1802
Area Limitation
Exterior
glass and glazing shall be capable of safely withstanding the load due to wind
pressures for various height zones above ground acting inward or outward. The
area of individual lights shall not be more than the maximum allowable area of
glass according to the wind load multiplied by the appropriate adjustment
factor.
Section 1803
Glazing
Glass
firmly supported on all four edges shall be glazed with minimum laps and edge
clearances in accordance with Section 1801 paragraph (b), Provided, that glass
edge clearance in fixed openings shall be not less than what is required for
wind and earthquake drift. For glass not firmly supported on all four edges and
design shall be submitted for approval of the Building Official. Glass supports
shall be considered firm when deflection of the support at design load does not
exceed 1/175 of the span.
Section 1804
Louvered Windows
Regular
plate, sheet, or patterned glass in jalousies and louvered windows shall not be
thinner than 5.6 millimeters minimal and not longer than 1.20 meters. Exposed
glass edges shall be smooth.
Section 1805
Impact
Frameless
glass doors, glass in doors, fixed glass panels, and similar glazed openings
which may be subject to accidental human impact shall conform with the
requirements set forth by the Secretary on impact loads of glass: Except in the
following cases:
(1) Bathtub and shower enclosures shall be constructed from approved
shatter-resistant materials, such as: wire reinforced glass not less than 5.6
millimeters thick; fully tempered glass not less than 4.8 millimeters thick: or
laminated safety glass not less than 6.4 millimeters thick.
(2) Glass lights located not less than 450 millimeters above the adjacent
finished floor or walking surface.
(3) Glass lights when the least dimension is not greater than 450
millimeters.
(4) Glass lights 1.50 square meters or less in area.
CHAPTER XIX
THE USE OF COMPUTERS
Section 1901
General Rule
The
use of computers for all or any part of the design of buildings under this Code
is permitted provided that all programs to be used are documented.
Section 1902
Program Documentation
Documenting
a program under this Code consists of filing with the Building Official a
reference to a publication or publications accessible to him were the detailed
description of the program or a brief statement of the theoretical background
of the program including a description of the algorithms used is found.
Section 1903
Submission of
Computer-Generated Computations
A
copy of the output sheets for computer-generated computations shall be
submitted as a part of the design computations. The out sheets shall be accompanied
by a certification of a designer and/or consultant that the output sheets are
the results obtained through the use of documented programs. The certification
should include the identification of the specific program used for each portion
of the computer-generated computations being submitted.
CHAPTER XX
SIGNS
Section 2001
General Requirements
(a) No sign or signboard shall be erected in such manner as to confuse or
obstruct the view or interpretation of any official traffic sign, signal, or
device.
(b) No sign or signboard shall be constructed as to unduly obstruct the
natural view of the landscape, distract or obstruct the view of the public as
to constitute a traffic hazard, or otherwise defile, debase or offend aesthetic
and cultural values and traditions.
Section 2002
Maintenance
All
signs, together with all of their supports, braces, guys and anchors, shall be
kept in repair and in proper state of preservation. The display of all signs
shall be kept nearly painted and secured at all times.
Section 2003
Design and Construction
Sign
structures shall be designed and constructed to resist all forces in accordance
with the National Structural Code for Buildings. For signs on buildings, the
dead and lateral loads shall be transmitted through structural frame of the
building to the ground in such a manner as not to overstress any of the
elements of the building. The weight of earth superimposed over footings may be
used in determining the dead load resisting moment. Such earth shall be carefully
placed and thoroughly compacted.
Section 2004
Supports and Anchorages
(a) General. The supports and anchorage of all signs or sign structures shall be
placed in or upon private property and shall be constructed in conformity with
the requirements of this Code.
(b) Materials. Materials for construction of signs or sign structures shall be of
the quality and grade as specified in this Code.
(c) Restrictions on Combustible Materials. All signs or sign structures erected in
highly restrictive Fire Zones shall have structural members of incombustible
materials. Ground signs may be constructed of any material meeting the
requirements of this Code. Combinations signs, roof signs, wall signs,
projecting signs, and signs on marquees shall be constructed of incombustible materials.
No combustible material other than approved plastics shall be used in the
construction of electrical signs.
(d) Non-Structural Trim. Non-structural trim and portable display surfaces may be of wood,
metal, approved plastics, or any combination thereof.
(e) Display Surfaces. Display surfaces in all types of signs may be made of metal, glass,
or approved plastics.
Section 2005
Projections and Clearances
(a) Clearances from High Voltage Power Lines. Clearances of signs from
high voltage power lines shall be in accordance with the Philippine Electrical
Code.
(b) Clearances from Fire Escapes, Exits, or Standpipes. No signs or sign
structures shall be erected in such a manner than any portion to its surface or
supports will interfere in any way with the free use of any fire escape, exit,
or standpipe.
(c) Obstruction of Openings. No sign shall obstruct any opening to such an
extent that light ventilation is reduced to a point below that required by this
Code. Signs erected within 1.50 meters of an exterior wall in which there are
openings within the area of the sign shall be constructed of incombustible
material or approved plastics.
(d) Projection over Alleys. No sign or sign structure shall project into any
public alley below a height of 3.00 meters above established sidewalk grade,
nor project more than 300 millimeters where the sign structure is located 3.00
meters to 4.5 meters above established sidewalk grade. The sign or sign
structure must not project more than 1.00 meter into the public alley where the
sign or sign structure is located more than 4.50 meters above established
sidewalk grade.
Section 2006
Lighting
Signs
shall be illuminated only by electrical means in accordance with the Philippine
Electrical Code.
CHAPTER XXI
TRANSITORY AND FINAL PROVISIONS
Section 2101
Existing Buildings and
Structures
All
buildings or structures constructed under R.A. 6541 or existing city or
municipal building codes or ordinances, if legally done in accordance
therewith, shall be respected subject to such limitations established in this
Code.
However,
alterations, additions, conversions, and/or repairs to be made in such building
or structures shall be subject to the provisions of this Code.
Section 2102
Interim Rules and
Regulations
Interim
rules and regulations on buildings promulgated by the Secretary before the
adoption of this Code pursuant to existing laws or decrees shall continue to
have binding force and effect, when not in conflict with the provisions of this
Code.
Section 2103
Separability Clause
If
any provision of this Decree or the application thereof is to any person or
circumstance declared unconstitutional or invalid for any reason, the same
shall not affect the validity of the other provisions.
Section 2104
Repealing Clause
All
laws, decrees, provisions of charters, executive orders, ordinances, rules and
regulations or parts thereof contrary to or inconsistent with the provision of
this Decree are hereby repealed, amended, or modified accordingly.
Section 2105
Effectivity
This
Decree shall take effect upon its promulgation.
Done
in the City of Manila, this 19th of February, in the year of Our Lord, nineteen
hundred and seventy-seven.
FERDINAND E. MARCOS
PresidentRepublic of the Philippines
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